Integrating ESG Factors Into Sustainable Tourism Practices: A Systematic Literature Review

This chapter examines the integration of Environmental, Social, and
Governance (ESG) factors into sustainable tourism through a systematic literature
review. As tourism’s environmental footprint grows and sustainability demands
intensify, this review synthesizes recent studies to highlight key trends, core themes,
and research gaps. Findings reveal that ESG practices enhance financial performance,
operational efficiency, and sustainability outcomes. Since 2020, interest
in ESG has surged, fueled by global sustainability frameworks and heightened
awareness following the COVID-19 pandemic. Key trends include better ESG
reporting, integration into business models, and sector-specific approaches.
Technologies such as AI, IoT, and big data have become crucial in advancing
ESG performance. However, SMEs are underrepresented in ESG research and
face unique challenges in implementation. The study recommends developing
sector-specific ESG metrics, expanding evaluation frameworks, and supporting
diverse tourism businesses. Broader stakeholder engagement and cross-industry
collaboration are vital to align tourism with global sustainability goals.