Determinants of healing among patients with COVID-2019: the results of the SARS-RAS study of the Italian Society of Hypertension

TObjective: The burst of COVID-19 epidemics in Italy prompted the Italian Society of Hypertension to start an observational study to explore the characteristics of the hospitalized victims of the disease. The current analysis
aimed to investigate the predictors of healing among Italian COVID-19 patients. We also assessed the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and
angiotensin receptor blockers on the outcome. Methods: We designed a cross-sectional, observational, multicenter, nationwide survey in Italy to explore thedemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with
confirmed COVID-19 infection. We analyzed information from 2446 charts of Italian patients admitted for certified COVID-19 in 27 hospitals. Healing from COVID-19 infection, defined as two consecutive negative swabs, was
reported in 544 patients (22.2%), 95% of them were hospitalized.
Results: Age and Charlson Comorbidity Index were significantly lower in healing compared with nonhealing
patients (63 15 vs. 69 15 and 2 2 vs. 3 2, both P<0.05). In multivariable regression model, predictors of
healing were younger age (OR: 0.99; 95% CI 0.98–0.99, P¼0.0001), absence of chronic kidney disease (OR: 0.35;
95% CI 0.17–0.70, P¼0.003) or heart failure (OR: 0.44; 95% CI, 0.28–0.70, P¼0.001). In the subgroup of
patients suffering from hypertension and/or heart failure (n¼1498), no differences were observed in the use of
ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that younger age
and absence of comorbidities play a major role in determining healing in patients with COVID-19. No effects
of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on the outcome was reported.hibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers on the outcome.