Coexisting automated and human-driven vehicles: Well-posedness of a mixed nonlocal-local traffic model

We present a macroscopic traffic flow model where standard vehicles coexist with vehicles informed on the traffic distribution. The resulting mixed nonlocal-local integro-differential PDEs is proved to generate a locally Lipschitz continuous semigroup whose orbits are uniquely characterized as solutions to the system, according to a natural definition of solution. The norms and function spaces adopted are intrinsic to the different nature of the equations. (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).