Hybrid filler systems in rubber nanocomposites

In this chapter, hybrid filler systems in rubber nanocomposites are discussed, starting from the definition of a hybrid system. In particular, the chapter is dedicated to systems based on the combination of nano- and nanostructured fillers, that have been largely investigated in the literature and have, in some cases, found commercial applications. They are those based on either organoclay or carbon nanotubes or nanographite as the nanofillers and either carbon black or silica as the nanostructured fillers. Structure and aspects of the nanocomposites, such as curing, tensile, and dynamic-mechanical properties, tear and abrasion resistance, electrical and thermal conductivity, and impermeability, are discussed. Synergistic effects by the nanofillers on the nanocomposites properties are presented, attempting a rationalization on the basis of the available data.