Metal determination in organic fluids of patients with stainless steel hip arthroplasty.

In 20 stainless steel Charnley hip arthroplasties (with a follow-up of 10-13 years)
nickel, chromium and manganese levels were measured in blood, plasma and urine
by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Skin patch tests for these metals, and
clinical and roentgenographic results of arthroplasty were also assessed.
Metal levels in organic fluids were plotted against a control population homogene-
ous for age, residence and anamnestic conditions with the first, but which had never
undergone a prosthesis or other metallic implant surgical procedure.
Nickel levels in blood, plasma and urine, manganese levels in blood and urine and
chromium levels in plasma were significantly higher in the hip prostheses popula-
tion.
Metal ion release from stainless steel prostheses is discussed with regard to implant
failure, metal sensitivity and carcinogenesis.