Solids

Solids are described as simple materials namely materials modelled by first-order gradients of deformation, velocity, and temperature. Hence the chapter develops linear and non-linear thermoelastic solids along with corresponding discontinuity waves and time-harmonic waves, thus arriving at the Cristoffel equation. Attention is addressed to models of hyperelastic and rubber-like materials. The concept of phonon is introduced and shown numerically by means of vibrating strings as elastic arrangements of atoms in solids.